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91.
Journal of Statistical Physics - We study large deviations of a ratio observable in discrete-time reset processes. The ratio takes the form of a current divided by the number of reset steps and as... 相似文献
92.
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94.
Non-equilibrium self-assembly is ubiquitous in physico-chemical and biological systems, and manifests itself at different scales, ranging from the molecular to the cosmological. The formation of microtubules, gels, cells and living beings among many others takes place through self-assembly under nonequilibrium conditions. We propose a general thermodynamic non-equilibrium model to understand the formation of assembled structures such as gels and Liesegang patterns and at the same time able to describe the kinetics and the energetics of the structure formation process. The model is supported for a global mechanism to obtain self-assembled structures from building blocks via activation, deactivation, assembly, and disassembly processes. It is proposed that the resulting structures can be characterised by a structural parameter. Our model may contribute to a better understanding of non-equilibrium self-assembly processes and give deeper insight as to how to obtain a specific structural architecture to materials, such as hydrogels which are of great importance in the design of advanced devices and novel materials. 相似文献
95.
Natalie Hell Peter Beiersdorfer Gregory V. Brown Megan E. Eckart Richard L. Kelley Caroline A. Kilbourne Maurice A. Leutenegger Thomas E. Lockard F. Scott Porter Jörn Wilms 《X射线光谱测定》2020,49(1):218-233
X-ray astronomy and ground-based atomic physics have a long history of fruitful collaboration: Sound understanding of the underlying atomic physics is the key to reliable interpretation of the spectra from celestial sources; conversely, astronomical spectra have been used to benchmark and advance atomic physics. This interplay is about to become even more important as we enter a new era of high-resolution X-ray astrophysics with large effective collection area. Although high-resolution observations with the gratings on the Chandra and XMM-Newton observatories continue to drive new science, upcoming planned and proposed missions will open up new discovery space in the near future that is currently challenging to access: high-resolution spectroscopy on extended sources, in the Fe K band, and on short time scales. This review summarizes open questions in these areas and the design parameters for the Hitomi, XRISM, Athena, and Arcus observatories. The expected high quality of spectra taken with these observatories puts new constraints on the accuracy of atomic reference data required to take full advantage of the diagnostic potential of these spectra. 相似文献
96.
Drah A. Tomić N. Z. Kovačević T. Djokić V. Tomić M. Heinemann R. J. Marinković A. 《Mechanics of Composite Materials》2020,56(2):249-260
Mechanics of Composite Materials - Commercial γ ? Al2O3 particles, Al2O3 n, and synthesized Al2O3 doped with iron oxide (Al2O3 Fe) were used as reinforcements to enhance the toughness of... 相似文献
97.
ABSTRACT To understand the practical effects of pressure-transmitting media (PTM) on neutron diffraction using Paris–Edinburgh presses, diffraction patterns of MgO were collected to approximately 20?GPa using PTMs of Pb, AgCl, 4:1 methanol–ethanol (ME) mixture with and without heating, N2, and Ar. Hydrostaticity in the sample chamber estimated from the MgO 220 peak width improves in the order of Pb, AgCl, Ar, ME mixture, N2, and the heated ME mixture. Unlike previous results using diamond anvil cells, the unheated ME mixture is superior to Ar even after freezing, probably due to the cup on the anvil face. Considering these results and the sizable coherent scattering of Ne, which would show good hydrostaticity, we conclude that the ME mixture (preferably the heated one) is the best PTM in neutron experiments up to 20?GPa, while Ar can be substituted when a sample is reactive to alcohols. 相似文献
98.
Meccanica - Traditional winglets are designed as fixed devices attached at the tips of the wings. The primary purpose of the winglets is to reduce the lift-induced drag, therefore improving... 相似文献
99.
Riisager K. Borge M. J. G. Briz J. A. Carmona-Gallardo M. Forstner O. Fraile L. M. Fynbo H. O. U. Camacho A. Garzon Johansen J. G. Jonson B. Lund M. V. Lachner J. Madurga M. Merchel S. Nacher E. Nilsson T. Steier P. Tengblad O. Vedia V. 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2020,56(3):1-19
The European Physical Journal A - A deterministic treatment of sequential neutron emission, based on recursive equations of the residual temperatures, was applied to numerous fission cases (i.e. 49... 相似文献
100.
Siddiqui Abuzar Abid Chamkha Ali J. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2020,142(3):1345-1360
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The steady flow of a nanofluid (mixture of titanium dioxide and water) in a rectangular channel under the influence of an inclined magnetic field is... 相似文献